Sunday, July 20, 2025

G-Force Cumulative Load Among Fast Boat Operators Can Lead to Severe CTE & SUICIDE.

In a recent survey, it was determined that the average SWCC operator had about 15,000 hours of fast boat time (300 SWCC Surveyed).  In the same study, 87 operators admitted to having thoughts of suicide. In recent research, it has been confirmed that 15 Fast Boat Operators have committed suicide, while many others still need to be confirmed. Actually, another US Navy Riverine Operator committed suicide this past week. Still, he had other medical conditions that most likely added to his untimely death and were not added to this list. While most operators on this list have a diagnosis of PTSD, it is common for fast boat operators suffering extreme levels of repetitive head injury (RTBI) to be misdiagnosed with PTSD.

The question becomes: What is the cumulative G-force load for 15,000 hours?

An equally important question is how many Military Fast Boat Operators have taken their life due to severe exposure to wave slamming, which causes TBI and CTE?

In recent research, communicating with fast boat operators from the SWCC, USCG, and US Navy Riverine communities who have first-hand accounts of these 15 suicides, the following suicides have been determined. Names are omitted as not all have been publicly declared by families.

  1. D. D. – US Navy Riverine – 18 April 2025 - suicide.
  2. A.R. - USCG – 17 April 2025 - suicide
  3. B. C. – US Navy Riverine 1 April 2025 – PTSD-suicide
  4. V. D. – US Navy Riverine - 21 July 2024. suicide.
  5. D. B. – USCG – 7 March 2023 – PTSD suicide
  6. T. C. – US Navy SWCC – 11 November 2021 – PTSD-TBI-suicide
  7. T. N. – US Navy SWCC – 1 October 2021 – CTE-PTSD-suicide
  8. N. G. – USCG – 8 May 2019 PTSD – suicide
  9. A. G. – US Navy Riverine – 11 October 2019 – suicide, shot himself in the head while in his wife’s arms, on their front lawn.
  10. D. T. – US Navy Riverine – 4 May 2014. suicide PTSD.
  11. J. C. – US Navy SWCC – 15 February 2010 – PTSD – suicide
  12. A. M. – US Navy Riverine – 6 November 2010.
  13. A. L. – SWCC – 8 November 2010. PTSD-suicide
  14. P. T. – US Navy SWCC – 29 March 2006. SBT-22 - suicide.
  15. T. B. – US Navy SWCC – 24 June 1994 PTSD – suicide

 

In addition to this list of suicides, the following SWCC operators have recently deceased under other abnormal conditions.

1.       J. B. – SWCC – 22 Feb 2025. Found dead in his bathtub.

2.       S. M. – SWCC – 6 July 2022. Killed by a vehicle homicide after a late-night dispute leaving a bar.

3.       Z. B. – SWCC – 28 May 2015. Killed by a vehicle homicide in a road rage incident.

4.       S. D-R. – SWCC – 28 June 2010. Shot to death outside a motorcycle club in Las Vegas.

5.       S. K. – SWCC – 5 May 2021. Reported that he drove his car off a bridge, but this has not been confirmed.

 

When considering a cumulative G-force load over a long exposure period (like 15,000 hours), we must consider:

  1. Frequency of impacts (e.g., every 2 seconds, 5 seconds, etc.)
  2. Range of g-forces per impact (e.g., 2–10 g)
  3. Total duration in hours

Convert Hours to Seconds

15,000 hours × 3600 sec/hr = 54,000,000 seconds

2. Determine Impact Frequency

Assume one impact every 2 seconds (common in fast boat ops):

Total impacts = 54,000,000 seconds ÷ 2 sec/impact = 27,000,000 impacts

3. Average G-force per impact

If impacts range from 2 to 10 g, take the midpoint for estimation:

Average g = 6 g

4. Calculate Cumulative g-Force Load

Cumulative g-Load = 6 g×27,000,000 impacts = 162,000,000 g-events

 

Alternate Scenarios

Impact Interval

Total Impacts

Cumulative Load (6g avg)

Every 1 sec

54,000,000

324,000,000 g-events

Every 2 sec

27,000,000

162,000,000 g-events

Every 5 sec

10,800,000

64,800,000 g-events

 

 

Note on Interpretation

  • "g-events" is not a unit of acceleration but a way to describe cumulative exposure over time.
  • Brain and spine injury risk increases not just by the g-magnitude, but also by frequency, direction (vertical/lateral/rotational), and duration.
  • Rotational forces can amplify this load significantly—by up to 4.75×, based on Zaman et al. (2024).

A cumulative g-force load of 162,000,000 g-events over 15,000 hours — especially in the range of 2 to 10 g per impact every 2 seconds — has profound effects on the human brain, particularly when the forces are repetitive, multidirectional (especially rotational), and occur over years, as in the case of (SWCC fast boat operations). Here's what happens:


 1. Brain Tissue Damage: Repetitive Sub-concussive Injury

  • Even sub-concussive impacts (below 80–100 g) cause shear stress and axonal strain, particularly when repeated thousands to millions of times.
  • Brain tissue, especially white matter, can degenerate due to mechanical strain. Regions like the corpus callosum, frontal lobes, and temporal lobes are highly vulnerable.
  • DTI MRI studies in athletes and military personnel show microstructural damage from similar loads.

2. Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI) – Chronic Form

Repeated low-to-moderate g's (2–10 g), especially with rotational acceleration, induce cumulative diffuse axonal injury.

This involves the tearing or stretching of axons, disrupting communication between brain regions.

The brain doesn’t have time to recover between impacts, especially when the intervals are 1–2 seconds.

 3. Rotational Forces – The Hidden Killer

  • Studies (e.g. Zaman et al., 2024) show rotational forces are ~4.75× higher than vertical forces.
    • A 10 g linear hit = up to 47.5 g rotationally.
  • Rotational forces cause the brain to twist inside the skull, damaging:
    • Midbrain
    • Cerebellum
    • Brainstem (linked to autonomic dysfunction)
  • These forces are the primary driver of long-term neurodegeneration, including CTE.
  • BOATS SUCH AS THE 11 METER RIB & CCA ARE EXTREMELY DANGEROUS DUE TO LATERAL IMPACTS CAUSING ROTATIONAL ACCELERATION FORCES ON THE BRAIN!!!!!!

 4. Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)

  • Long-term exposure to repetitive low/moderate G-forces is linked to:
    • Stage I–III CTE pathology: tau protein buildup, neuronal loss
    • Behavioral symptoms: aggression, depression, impulsivity
    • Cognitive decline: memory loss, confusion, executive dysfunction
  • Case studies of one SWCC, NFL players, and blast-exposed military personnel support this.

 5. Brain Region Effects

Brain Area

                 Effect of Cumulative G-load

Frontal lobes

                 Executive function, impulse control loss

Temporal lobes

                 Memory impairment

Cerebellum

                 Balance, motor coordination disruption

Brainstem

                 Autonomic dysfunction (e.g., heart rate, dizziness)

Corpus Callosum

                 Disrupted communication between hemispheres

6. Functional Outcomes

  • Cognitive: Memory loss, slowed processing, poor attention
  • Emotional: Depression, anxiety, mood swings
  • Physical: Headaches, visual issues, dizziness
  • Autonomic: POTS, blood pressure drops, heart palpitations

Conclusion

The cumulative brain strain from 15,000 hours of 2–10 g impacts (with rotational amplification) exceeds known thresholds for:

  • Repetitive traumatic brain injury (rTBI)
  • Long-term neurodegeneration
  • CTE development
  • Multisystem dysfunction

SWCC, USCG Fast Boat Operators (FBO), US Navy Riverine (FBO), USMC (FBO), Australian (FBO), British (FBO), Canadian (FBO), Swedish (FBO), Israeli (FBO) and many other FBO’s exposure profile is unique and extreme — comparable to elite contact sports athletes but with far greater frequency and duration.

Sunday, July 13, 2025

Connecting the DOTs: How Wave Slamming Is Quietly Injuring Our Military Fast Boat Operator

 


Connecting the DOTs: How Wave Slamming Is Quietly Injuring Our Military Fast Boat Operators

By Michael Anthony Smith | 13 July 2025
Former SWCC Operator


Every day, military fast boat operators—Special Warfare Combatant Crewmen (SWCC), Coast Guard members, Navy Riverine crews, Royal Marines (SBS), Australian Special Boat Operators, and others—are riding a hidden rollercoaster of trauma. While the missions vary, the outcome is the same: brain damage, spinal degeneration, and a long list of injuries that come not from enemy fire, but from the ocean itself.

I’m not talking about drowning or hypothermia. I’m talking about wave slamming—when a high-speed boat hits a wave and slams down with brutal force, over and over, for hours on end.

What Is Wave Slamming?

A wave slamming event happens when a high-speed boat launches off a wave and crashes back down, sending shock forces through every part of your body—especially your spine and brain. Depending on sea conditions, this can happen every second, or every few seconds, for 8 to 16 hours a day.

I once did a 52-hour training op. That’s not a typo. That’s over 180,000 slams in just one evolution.

Conservatively, let’s say 8 hours/day × 5 days/week × 4 weeks = 160 hours/month. If your boat slams every 5 seconds, that’s:

  • 12 wave impacts/minute
  • 720 per hour
  • 115,200 per month

And at an average 10 g’s per impact, we’re talking about over 1.1 million g-force load events on your body (brain) per month.

This Isn't Just About Bruises—This Is About Brain Damage, misdiagnosed as PTSD, and in some cases has led to suicide.

The late 90s and early 2000s gave us early warning signs:

  • Roesch (1994) measured repeated boat shocks up to 28 g’s.
  • Gollwitzer (1995) described debilitating symptoms that sound exactly like modern TBI: annoyance, fatigue, sleepiness, discomfort, anxiety, nausea, loss of visual acuity and hand and eye coordination, abdominal pain or discomfort, testicular pain, headache and other head symptoms, chest pain, back pain, sprains, torn ligaments, broken ankles and legs, damaged vertebrae, and damage to internal organs.
  • Whalen (1995) found a 100% injury rate among SWCCs by year 10.
  • Kearns (2001) from MIT confirmed that high-speed boat operations result in severe mechanical shock, leading to injuries across the board.
  • Dobbins (2008) recorded 1000+ impacts in 3 hours.
  • Myers (2010) found Royal Marines taking 614 impacts/hour—nearly 2 million over a deployment cycle.

And then there’s my cohort of SWCC.

In 1998–99, we were at SBU-12—young, averaging 190 pounds, in great shape, and tactical athletes. Fast-forward to now: this same cohort is plagued with TBI, spinal damage, memory issues, visual problems, fatigue, chronic pain, and other symptoms you’ll hear echoed by over 1000 operators I have communicated with via independent research spanning four years. Many are nearing 20+ years post-ops, and the toll is staggering. The ironic thing is that researchers in the 1990s and early 2000s stated that SWCC were in top athletic shape, and their bodies would be able to handle the wave slamming shock and vibration. However, time and time again, we see individuals broken within 5-10 years of fast boat service, regardless of their initial physical fitness.

My recent April 2023 SWCC TBI Survey confirmed what we all knew in our guts: 100% of respondents had TBI, and the average operator had 30+ co-morbidities related to brain, spinal, and orthopedic injury. And this constellation of injuries is chronic, with a duration of 20 years ± 10 years.

How Much Is Too Much?

Human brain tissue begins to shear at a strain of 15–18%. Lateral wave slams can create rotational forces 4.75x higher than linear impact (Zaman et al., 2024). That means a “mild” 10 g vertical hit could be producing a 47 g rotational torque on your brainstem, cerebellum, and cortical tissue.

Multiply that by 100,000 impacts per month.

Now multiply that by a 10- or 20-year career.

We are surpassing the encephalopathy threshold by 70x or more. In plain English? This job breaks brains and bodies.

The VA Must Make Wave Slamming Injuries Presumptive for SWCC, USCG, Navy Riverine & Security Forces, USMC Boat Operators, and even LCAC operators.

We’re calling for what should’ve happened years ago:

  • Mandatory annual TBI screenings for all active duty fast boat operators. I've talked with SWCCs who were denied access to Nicoe due to a conflict with leadership.
  • My generation did not have access to Nicoe.
  • VA presumptive status for brain, spine, whiplash, and musculoskeletal disorders.
  • Transparency in reporting before Congress on the 3 Sep 2014 NSW study "Participation in Naval Special Warfare Operator Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Study" that revealed 40 g sustained impacts with 64 g peaks.
  • Funding for longitudinal brain imaging and wearable impact monitors.
  • Research-backed care like HBOT, TMS, and VNS (annually as preventive brain maintenance). All teams should have multi-chamber facilities that can treat 50 operators daily, following the Hyperoxic-Hypoxic Paradox established by Dr. Shai Efrati from Israel in 2021.
  • Recognition that this injury profile is unique and severe.
  • Allow all boat builders to compete with ideas for different hull designs and shock mitigation.
  • Ensure the best suspension seats are used on all boats.
  • Free access to Neuroinflammation protocols, DHA/EPA Omega 3s, SPMs, and other expensive modalities of treatment.

This Is a Hidden Epidemic—And We Have the Data

We’re not guessing. We have peer-reviewed studies, biomechanics models, survey data, and personal experience all pointing in the same direction:
Wave slamming is a chronic, cumulative injury mechanism that destroys the body from the inside out.

It’s time the military, the VA, and Congress start paying attention.


References:

The Hyperoxic-Hypoxic Paradox. Hadanny & Efrati, 2021.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32630465/

A biomechanical study of neck strength and impact dynamics on head and neck injury

parameters. Zaman et al. (2024) https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.05192

Myers, SD., Dobbins, T., King, S., Hall, B., Ayling, RR., Holmes, S., Gunston, T., Dyson, R.

(2010). Physiological consequences of military high-speed boat transits. European

journal of applied physiology. 111. 2041-9. 10.1007/s00421-010-1765-3

Whalen, T. (1995). Optimal Deadrise Hull Analysis and Design Space Study of Naval

Special Warfare Planing Boats. Master Thesis submitted to Massachusetts Institute of Technology. https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/8132/51757721-MIT.pdf

Roesch, J. (1994, Sep). Sudden Impacts of Naval Special Warfare Boats.

http://www.warboats.org/images/pdf/Sudden%20Impacts.Sept.94.pdf

Kearns, S. (2001). Analysis and Mitigation of Mechanical Shock Effects on High

Speed Planing Boats. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001.

https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/8235

Dobbins, T., Myers, S., and Dyson, R., (2008). High Speed Craft Motion Analysis – Impact

Count Index. https://ullmandynamics.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/4-HSC-MOTION-ANALYSIS-ICI-Dobbins-et-al.pdf

Gollwitzer, R. & Peterson, R. (1995). Repeated Water Entry Shocks on High-Speed Planing

Boats. Dahlgren Division Naval Surface Warfare Center, Panama City, FL. https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA317132.pdf

Saturday, July 5, 2025

The Hidden Toll of Military Fast Boat Operators: A Crisis of Repetitive Head Injury

By Michael Anthony Smith

Former SWCC Operator


Special Warfare Combat Crewmen (SWCC), USCG, US Navy Riverine, USMC Boat Teams, some US Navy SEALs and other military fast boat professionals across the globe experience a biomechanical assault on the human body that no other profession endures.

They are exposed to thousands—and over a career, millions—of high-speed wave slamming impacts that produce repetitive head trauma exceeding all known thresholds of brain tissue tolerance. The result may be the most unique and underrecognized form of brain injury in any occupational group.


The Physics of Brain Trauma in Fast Boat Operations

The U.S. Navy’s SWCC Teams operate high-speed craft reaching speeds over 60 mph (50+ knots). These boats often slam into waves every 1–2 seconds—amounting to 3,600 impacts per hour. Multiple Naval Special Warfare studies (Roesch, 1994; Gollwitzer, 1995; Haupt, 1996; Kearns, 2001) have documented vertical impact forces of 2–15 Gs, with occasional spikes up to 28 Gs.

However, rotational forces—which are more damaging to brain tissue—are even more alarming. Research by Zaman et al. (2024) found that rotational accelerations during lateral impacts are 4.75 times greater than linear impacts. This indicates a 25 g impact can cause rotational forces over 120 g's. Smaller boats such as the 11 Meter Rib or similiar, are subjected to these forces routinely. These forces impose shear strain on brain tissue far exceeding the injury thresholds observed in contact sports.


The Scope of the Problem: Not Just SWCC

  • U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) personnel operating 11-meter RIBs experience identical impacts and resulting injuries.

  • US Navy Riverine Units, often overlooked, also log thousands of high-speed hours and suffer the same fate.

  • Newly formed USMC Maritime Units.

  • LCAC Operators (Landing Craft Air-Cushion)

  • International counterparts—from the UK’s SBS and Royal Marines to Australian Special Forces and Swedish fast boat units—report identical trauma patterns.

All these operators share a common trajectory: repeated sub-concussive and concussive blows, followed by chronic pain, neurological symptoms, and psychiatric decline.


The Human Cost: From Hidden Injury to Suicide

Through my four years of independent research, I’ve spoken directly with hundreds of fast boat veterans via surveys, interviews, private messages, emails, and phone calls. The findings are staggering:

  • 500+ operators surveyed: All exhibit TBI symptoms, with an average of 30 co-morbid conditions linked to brain injury.

  • 100% of interviewees report concussion-like symptoms directly tied to wave slamming.

  • YouTube Interviews with SWCC operators now public: www.youtube.com/@antnymichael

  • Multiple suicides linked to undiagnosed, untreated brain injury among SWCC, USCG, and Riverine veterans.

  • In my recent survey of 300 SWCC operators, 28% had thoughts of suicide.

  • A recent autopsy (Premier et al., 2025) of a deceased 44-year-old SWCC operator who died by suicide revealed severe CTE, comparable to that of an NFL player in their 60s.


The “So What?”

  • Cumulative exposure in just five years can exceed millions of wave slams, each at 2–15 Gs, often with rotational shear exceeding brain tissue strain limits.

  • These exposures far surpass what professional athletes experience, but receive no recognition by the VA or formal medical acknowledgment.

  • SWCC, USCG, and Riverine operators are not receiving TBI ratings, despite nearly universal symptomology.

  • CTE may be widespread in this community, yet underdiagnosed and undocumented.

  • There is no presumptive condition status, despite overwhelming occupational exposure and physiological damage.


Conclusion: A Call to Action

Military fast boat operators represent an invisible casualty of modern warfare. Their injuries are not typically from bullets or blasts, but from physics repeated thousands of times daily. These are brain and spine injuries in slow motion—insidious, cumulative, and devastating.

We must act:

  • Recognize wave slamming as a legitimate mechanism of TBI.

  • Advocate for presumptive VA status for fast boat operator TBI. 

  • Fund autopsies and research on living and deceased operators.

  • Educate clinicians, policymakers, and veterans about the unique dangers of this occupational hazard.

  • Treat retired fast boat operators with 60-80 hours of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT), with Transcranial Magnetic Stumulation (TMS) and other modalities of treatment.

  • Treat active duty operators annually with 40 hours of HBOT for regenerative support to brain tissue. 

  • Advocate for Ketamine and other similiar treatments to be available and cost free for fast boat operators.

  • Provide free access to fast boat operators for Specialized Pro-resolve Mediators (SPM), EPA/DHA Omega 3s, and Peptide and Hormone Replacement Therapy, DHEA. 

  • Provide free access to fast boat operators for red-light therapy, and high quality vagas nerve stimulators.

  • Provide free access to researched and proven non-narcotic neuroinflammation protocols.

  • Diagnose retired fast boat operators at Avalon Action Aliance TBI clinics Get Care | Avalon

  • Claim submittal help with DAV. Free Services for Veterans | DAV

This is not anecdotal. It is measurable, observable, and—without intervention—deadly.


References

G-Force Cumulative Load Among Fast Boat Operators Can Lead to Severe CTE & SUICIDE.

In a recent survey, it was determined that the average SWCC operator had about 15,000 hours of fast boat time (300 SWCC Surveyed).  In the s...